1. Understanding Trigonometry
Trig derived daro the Greek tri meaning three, gonomon means the angle and size so metriayang means. So, trigonometry is a measurement of the angle of the triangle.
According to Edward J. Byng that trigonometry is a creation of the Arabs. Therefore, a lot of words in trigonometry using the term of Arabic.
2. Early Occurrences Trigonometry
Although initially trigonometru studied as a branch of astronomy but finally trigonometry stand alone as a discipline. Early development of trogonometri proved to be moved due to problem solving astronomical purposes. The emergence of trigonometry is a slow process. When compared with other branches of mathematics, trigonometry berkembambang due to the relationship between applied mathematics education with scientific purposes in the field of astronomy. This relationship is considered interrelated, tetapu hidden so the Renaissance trigonometry serve as additional topics in astronomy.
3. The development and Figures Trigonometry
Trig as the main tool of astronomy has been a field of study that is in demand by the mathematicians of Islam so that trigonometry can stand alone as a discipline. People Islam is the one who first emphasized the assessment of the principles of light. He is al-Haitham, who wrote important treatises on the topic. Al-Haitham develop an early form of the principles of light that eventually became law Snell about the refraction of light. Principle oprik al-Haitham memberu something so inspiring attention to astronomy and trigonometry are preferred. Here are some of the names of characters in trigonometry:
Al-Khwarizmi
Al-Khwarizmi was a great math figure that [Ernah born Islam and contributed to the civilization of the world. Probably not one hundred years to be born into the world of people like him. Al-Khwarizmi other than the famous theory of algorithms, he also built the mathematical theories of others. in the field of trigonometry, he found the use of sin, cos, tangent and secant.
Al-Battani
Al-Battani's full name is Mohammed Ibn Jabir Ibn Sinan Abu Abdullah Al-Battani, Battan born in Mesopotamia in 850 AD and died died in Damascus in the year 929 AD He was the son of the king of Saudi, also governor of Syria which is considered as astronomers and mathematician Islam tekemuka. Al-Battani was responsible for introducing modern concepts, the development of the functions and trigonometric identity. He usually uses a formula sinus clearer than the explanation of the Greeks.
Abu al-Wafa
His full name is Abu al-Wafa Yaya Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Ismail Ibn al-Buzjani born in Buzjan, Nishapur, Iraq in 940 AD since childhood, intelligence has begun to emerge, and it is supported by the great interest in the field of natural sciences.
Upon successful completion of primary and secondary education, Abu al-Wafa decided to proceed to a higher level in Baghdad in 959 AD Thanks to the guidance of a number of leading scientists of the day, not how long he was transformed into a young man with a brain brilliant. She was then helped scientists as well as personally developed the theory, especially in the field of trigonometry. Construction of buildings trigonometry gray version of al-Wafa recognized beneficial sting. He developed a new method of construction and repair rectangular sine value 30 using eight decimal.
Many books and scientific papers have been produced and covers many areas of science. However, not much work that remains to this day. Some of his work is lost, being that there has been modified. Abu al-Wafa also poured a lot of his writing in the scientific journal Euclid, Diophantus and al-Khwarizmi, but unfortunately many have been lost. Because konstribusinya greatly to the field of trigonometry, he was dubbed as the foundation stone of the science trigonomteri.
Ibn al-Shatir
His full name is' Ala al-Din Ali Ibn Ibrahim Ibn al-Muwaqit, born in the year 1306 AD and died in 1375. His stated in Rasad ibn Shatir (observer ibn Shatir).
4. Application Trigonometry
Long before the Muslim astronomers develop observational and theoretical methods were developed, they already have skills in applying knowledge of astronomy to meet basic needs in worship. Islamic religious practice always requires the determination of time and place, whether in terms of prayer or to menentukam beginning of the month and holidays in the Islamic Hijra calendar
Prayers should be directed and the time is also limited. All Muslims pray facing mekag ancient city into a sacred building of Muslims, namely the temple. Administrative and communication needs in the early expansion of Islam resulted in the need of new Islamic calendar. So caliphs ruling in the 7th century to create a new system that is different from the Gregorian and Julian calendar based on the moon cycle (leap years) instead of the solar cycle. This new calendar year begins on the first day of Hijrah (622 CE), the prophet Muhammad's move from Mecca to Medina. This date is expected to occur in late September, marking the beginning of the year in the Islamic calendar. The fact that the calendar was based on leap years to make the conversion procedure between Islamic calendar and the Gregorian calendar becomes complicated. The whole holiday and the feast of the Muslims, and also Ramadan as a month of fasting is scheduled in a leap year. Then the first sighting the crescent moon in new moon is an important moment for all of Muslim worship. The most spectacular astronomical instrument is astrolabus, is an important instrument in the calculation of the medieval and early renaissance. In addition to determining prayer times and the direction of Mecca, astrolabus determine the time and annual turnover of celestial objects, measurements above the earth and astrological information.
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